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1 Administration area buildings
Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: административные зданияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > Administration area buildings
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2 administration area buildings
Глоссарий компании Сахалин Энерджи: административные зданияУниверсальный англо-русский словарь > administration area buildings
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3 Administration area buildings
Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > Administration area buildings
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4 administration area buildings
Англо-русский словарь нефтегазовой промышленности > administration area buildings
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5 административные здания
1) Mining: office block2) Sakhalin energy glossary: Administration area buildingsУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > административные здания
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6 здания административной зоны
Sakhalin A: administration area buildingsУниверсальный русско-английский словарь > здания административной зоны
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7 auxiliar
adj.auxiliary (gen) & (grammar).f. & m.1 assistant.auxiliar administrativo administrative assistantauxiliar de vuelo flight attendant2 auxiliary, helper, aide, assistant.3 attendant.m.auxiliary (grammar).v.to assist, to help.María socorre a los heridos Mary helps the wounded.* * *(i can be stressed or unstressed)Present Indicativeauxilio, auxilias, auxilia, auxiliamos, auxiliáis, auxilian.Present Subjunctiveauxilie, auxilies, auxilie, auxiliemos, auxiliéis, auxilien.Imperativeauxilia (tú), auxilie (él/Vd.), auxiliemos (nos.), auxiliad (vos.), auxilien (ellos/Vds.).* * *1. noun mf.assistant, helper2. adj.assistant, auxiliary3. verbto aid, help, assist* * *I1. ADJ1) (Univ) assistant antes de s2) (Ling) auxiliary3) [plantilla] ancillary2. SMF1) (=subordinado) assistantauxiliar de cabina — steward/stewardess
auxiliar de clínica, auxiliar de enfermería — auxiliary nurse, nursing auxiliary, nurse's aide (EEUU)
auxiliar de laboratorio — lab assistant, laboratory assistant
auxiliar de vuelo — steward/stewardess
auxiliar domiciliario — domestic, home help, home helper (EEUU)
2) (Univ)3) (Dep) linesman, assistant refereeIIauxiliar técnico — LAm (Dep) coach, trainer
VT1) (=ayudar) to help, assist; [+ agonizante] to attend2) (Pol etc) to aid, give aid to* * *Ia) < profesor> assistant (before n); <personal/elementos> auxiliary (before n)b) < servicios> auxiliaryc) (Tec) auxiliaryd) (Inf) peripheralIImasculino y femenino1) ( persona) assistant2) auxiliar masculino (RPl) (Auto) spare tireIIIverbo transitivoa) ( socorrer) to helpb) <moribundo/herido> to attend* * *Ia) < profesor> assistant (before n); <personal/elementos> auxiliary (before n)b) < servicios> auxiliaryc) (Tec) auxiliaryd) (Inf) peripheralIImasculino y femenino1) ( persona) assistant2) auxiliar masculino (RPl) (Auto) spare tireIIIverbo transitivoa) ( socorrer) to helpb) <moribundo/herido> to attend* * *auxiliar11 = aide, assistant, clerk, auxiliary.Nota: Nombre.Ex: They admitted that they did not evaluate their technicians and aides, and confirmed that increases were automatic and the same 'across-the-board'; superior performance was not rewarded, nor inferior performance punished.
Ex: His first library position was as an assistant in rare books at the University of Chicago.Ex: The cataloguer is expected to find to correct form and write it on a worksheet, so that it can be entered by the clerk doing the keypunching.Ex: Some I & R centres use auxiliaries to carry out escort work.* auxiliar administrativo = clerk-typist, clerical assistant, administrative assistant.* auxiliar común = common auxiliary.* auxiliar de biblioteca = library assistant, library technician, page, library aide, library orderly.* auxiliar dedicado a la ordenación de fichas = filing clerk.* auxiliar de préstamo = circulation clerk.* auxiliar de vuelo = flight attendant.* auxiliares de lugar = area table.* estudiante que trabaja como auxiliar = student assistant, student aid.* estudios de auxiliar administrativo = information administration.auxiliar22 = auxiliary, clerical, supporting, ancillary.Ex: This hierarchy shows a general subject area, buildings, and its subordinate subject areas: building materials, auxiliary construction practices, construction in specific materials, wood construction, roofing and soon.
Ex: Prior to computerisation of the production of catalogues and indexes considerable clerical effort was expended in filing index and catalogue cards.Ex: However, it doesn't take very long before the supporting machine file attains greater importance than the manual catalog.Ex: A number of ancillary factors about the development of knowledge can be examined such as the extent of self-citation and the evolution of concepts.* mesa auxiliar = side table.* mesita auxiliar = side table.* servicio auxiliar de apoyo familiar = respite care.* tablas auxiliares = auxiliary tables.auxiliar33 = succour [succor, -USA], aid, help.Ex: There are tens of thousands of hungry children in the world today and well-meant efforts are being made to succour them
.Ex: Although others aided in the compilation of the schedules they were essentially the work of one man.Ex: How can we help library users to gain confidence?.* * *2 ‹servicios› auxiliaryla tripulación auxiliar del avión the cabin crew on the aircraft3 ( Tec) auxiliary4 ( Inf) peripheralA1 (ayudante) assistantauxiliar de laboratorio laboratory assistant2 (funcionario) assistantCompuestos:administrative assistantflight attendantnurseBvt1 (socorrer) to help2 ‹moribundo› to attend* * *
auxiliar 1 adjetivo
‹personal/elementos› auxiliary ( before n)
c) (Tec) auxiliaryd) (Inf) peripheral
■ sustantivo masculino y femenino
b)◊ auxiliar sustantivo femenino (RPl) (Auto) spare tire
auxiliar 2 ( conjugate auxiliar) verbo transitivo
to help
auxiliar
1 adjetivo & mf auxiliary, assistant
II verbo transitivo to help, assist
' auxiliar' also found in these entries:
Spanish:
ser
- ir
- haber
- no
- sobrecargo
English:
already
- also
- always
- ancillary
- auxiliary
- be
- can't
- cannot
- could
- dare
- do
- have
- let
- might
- must
- need
- never
- often
- ought
- practicing
- practising
- propose
- shall
- should
- so
- soon
- spotlight
- steward
- still
- will
- would
- assistant
- flight
- home
- instructor
- stewardess
* * *♦ adj1. [material] auxiliary;[mesa] occasional2. [personal] ancillary, auxiliary3. Gram auxiliary♦ nmfassistantauxiliar administrativo administrative assistant;auxiliar domiciliario, auxiliar de ayuda a domicilio, auxiliar de ayuda en el hogar [para cuidados personales] personal carer;[para tareas domésticas] home help;auxiliar de laboratorio lab assistant;auxiliar de vuelo flight attendant♦ nmGram auxiliary♦ nfRP [rueda de recambio] spare wheelauxiliar2 vt1. [socorrer] to assist, to help2. [moribundo] to attend* * *I adj1 auxiliary;verbo auxiliar auxiliary verb2 profesor assistant atrII m/f assistantAUTO spare wheelIV v/t help* * *auxiliar vt: to aid, to assistauxiliar adj: assistant, auxiliaryauxiliar nmf1) : assistant, helper2)auxiliar de vuelo : flight attendant* * * -
8 officer
офицер; должностное лицо; сотрудник; укомплектовывать офицерским составом; командоватьAir officer, Administration, Strike Command — Бр. начальник административного управления командования ВВС в Великобритании
Air officer, Engineering, Strike Command — Бр. начальник инженерно-технического управления командования ВВС в Великобритании
Air officer, Maintenance, RAF Support Command — Бр. начальник управления технического обслуживания командования тыла ВВС
Air officer, Training, RAF Support Command — начальник управления подготовки ЛС командования тыла ВВС
assistant G3 plans officer — помощник начальника оперативного отдела [отделения] по планированию
Flag officer, Germany — командующий ВМС ФРГ
Flag officer, Naval Air Command — Бр. командующий авиацией ВМС
Flag officer, Submarines — Бр. командующий подводными силами ВМС
float an officer (through personnel channels) — направлять личное дело офицера (в различные кадровые инстанции);
General officer Commanding, Royal Marines — Бр. командующий МП
General officer Commanding, the Artillery Division — командир артиллерийской дивизии (БРА)
landing zone (aircraft) control officer — офицер по управлению авиацией в районе десантирования (ВДВ)
officer, responsible for the exercise — офицер, ответственный за учение (ВМС)
Principal Medical officer, Strike Command — Бр. начальник медицинской службы командования ВВС в Великобритании
Senior Air Staff officer, Strike Command — Бр. НШ командования ВВС в Великобритании
senior officer, commando assault unit — Бр. командир штурмового отряда «коммандос»
senior officer, naval assault unit — Бр. командир военно-морского штурмового отряда
senior officer, naval build-up unit — Бр. командир военно-морского отряда наращивания сил десанта
senior officer, present — старший из присутствующих начальников
senior officer, Royal Artillery — Бр. старший начальник артиллерии
senior officer, Royal Engineers — Бр. старший начальник инженерных войск
short service term (commissioned) officer — Бр. офицер, призываемый на кратковременную службу; офицер, проходящий службу по краткосрочному контракту
tactical air officer (afloat) — офицер по управлению ТА поддержки (морского) десанта (на корабле управления)
The Dental officer, US Marine Corps — начальник зубоврачебной службы МП США
The Medical officer, US Marine Corps — начальник медицинской службы МП США
— burial supervising officer— company grade officer— education services officer— field services officer— fire prevention officer— general duty officer— information activities officer— logistics readiness officer— regular commissioned officer— security control officer— supply management officer— transportation officer— water supply officer* * * -
9 East Timor
Colony of Portugal from the 16th century to December 1975, with an area of 40,000 square kilometers (18,989 square miles). East Timor is located on the eastern portion of the island of Timor in the Indonesian archipelago. From 1975 to August 1999, when it was forcibly annexed and occupied by Indonesia, until May 2002, when it achieved full independence, East Timor was, in effect, a ward of the United Nations.In the 16th century, the Portuguese established trading posts on the island, but for centuries few Portuguese settled there, and the "colony" remained isolated and neglected. After the Dutch won control of Indonesia, there was a territorial dispute with Portugal as to who "owned" what on the island of Timor. In 1859, this question was decided as the Dutch and Portuguese governments formally divided the island into a Dutch portion (west) and the Portuguese colony (east) and established the frontier. From the late 19th century to World War I, Portugal consolidated its control of East Timor by means of military campaigns against the Timorese tribes. In addition to colonial officials, a few Portuguese missionaries and merchants occupied East Timor, but few Portuguese ever settled there.East Timor's geographic location close to the north coast of Australia and its sharing of one island in the Dutch colony catapulted it into world affairs early in World War II. To forestall a Japanese invasion of Timor, a joint Dutch-Australian expedition landed on 17 December 1941; the Portuguese authorities neither resisted nor cooperated. In February 1942, when Japanese troops landed in Timor, the small allied force fled to the hills and later was evacuated to Australia. Japan occupied all of Timor and the remainder of the Dutch East Indies until Japan's surrender in September 1945. Portugal soon reassumed control.After the Revolution of 25 April 1974, East Timorese nationalist parties hoped for rapid decolonization and independence with Lisbon's cooperation. But on 28 November 1975, before a preoccupied Portugal could work out a formal transfer of power, the Revolutionary Front of Independent East Timor (FRETILIN), then in control of the former colony's capital, declared independence, and, on 7 December 1975, Indonesian armed forces swiftly invaded, occupied, and annexed East Timor. In the following years, a tragic loss of life occurred. Portugal refused to recognize Indonesia's sovereignty over East Timor and claimed legal sovereignty before the United Nations.As Indonesia persistently and brutally suppressed Timorese nationalist resistance, world media attention focused on this still remote island. Several sensational international and Indonesian events altered the status of occupied East Timor, following the continuation of FRETILIN guerrilla resistance. In November 1991, world media disseminated information on the Indonesian forces' slaughter of East Timorese protesters at a cemetery demonstration in the capital of Dili. In 1996, two East Timorese, Bishop Belo and José Ramos Horta, each a symbol of East Timorese resistance and the desire for independence, shared the Nobel Peace Prize. Then, in 1998, in Indonesia, the Suharto regime collapsed and was replaced by a more democratic government, which in January 1999 pledged a free referendum in East Timor. On 30 August 1999, the referendum was held, and nearly 80 percent of the East Timorese voters voted for independence from Indonesia.However, Indonesian armed forces and militias reacted brutally, using intimidation, murder, mayhem, and razing of buildings to try to reverse the people's will. Following some weeks of confusion, a United Nations (UN) armed forces, led by Australia, took control of East Timor and declared it a UN protectorate, to last until East Timor was secure from Indonesian aggression and prepared for full independence. East Timor had changed from a Portuguese colony to an Indonesian protectorate/colony to a fledgling nation-in-the-making.The status of East Timor as a ward of the UN was made official on 25 October 1999, as the United Nations Transitional Administration in East Timor began to prepare the country for independence. Appalling conditions prevailed: 70 percent of the country's buildings had been destroyed and nearly half of the population of 800,000 had been driven out of East Timor into uneasy refuge in West Timor, under Indonesian control. A territory without an economy, East Timor lacked police, civil servants, schools, and government records.With UN assistance, general elections were held in the spring of 2002; the majority of parliamentary seats were won by FRETILIN, and José "Xanana" Gusmão was elected the first president. On 20 May 2002, East Timor became independent. World luminaries adorned the independence celebrations: UN secretary-general Kofi Annan, former U.S. president Bill Clinton, and other celebrities attended. But East Timor's travails continued with civil strife and uncertainty. -
10 Wright, Frank Lloyd
SUBJECT AREA: Architecture and building[br]b. 8 June 1869 Richland Center, Wisconsin, USAd. 9 April 1959 Phoenix, Arizona, USA[br]American architect who, in an unparalleled career spanning almost seventy years, became the most important figure on the modern architectural scene both in his own country and far further afield.[br]Wright began his career in 1887 working in the Chicago offices of Adler \& Sullivan. He conceived a great admiration for Sullivan, who was then concentrating upon large commercial projects in modern mode, producing functional yet decorative buildings which took all possible advantage of new structural methods. Wright was responsible for many of the domestic commissions.In 1893 Wright left the firm in order to set up practice on his own, thus initiating a career which was to develop into three distinct phases. In the first of these, up until the First World War, he was chiefly designing houses in a concept in which he envisaged "the house as a shelter". These buildings displayed his deeply held opinion that detached houses in country areas should be designed as an integral part of the landscape, a view later to be evidenced strongly in the work of modern Finnish architects. Wright's designs were called "prairie houses" because so many of them were built in the MidWest of America, which Wright described as a "prairie". These were low and spreading, with gently sloping rooflines, very plain and clean lined, built of traditional materials in warm rural colours, blending softly into their settings. Typical was W.W.Willit's house of 1902 in Highland Park, Illinois.In the second phase of his career Wright began to build more extensively in modern materials, utilizing advanced means of construction. A notable example was his remarkable Imperial Hotel in Tokyo, carefully designed and built in 1916–22 (now demolished), with special foundations and structure to withstand (successfully) strong earthquake tremors. He also became interested in the possibilities of reinforced concrete; in 1906 he built his church at Oak Park, Illinois, entirely of this material. In the 1920s, in California, he abandoned his use of traditional materials for house building in favour of precast concrete blocks, which were intended to provide an "organic" continuity between structure and decorative surfacing. In his continued exploration of the possibilities of concrete as a building material, he created the dramatic concept of'Falling Water', a house built in 1935–7 at Bear Run in Pennsylvania in which he projected massive reinforced-concrete terraces cantilevered from a cliff over a waterfall in the woodlands. In the later 1930s an extraordinary run of original concepts came from Wright, then nearing 70 years of age, ranging from his own winter residence and studio, Taliesin West in Arizona, to the administration block for Johnson Wax (1936–9) in Racine, Wisconsin, where the main interior ceiling was supported by Minoan-style, inversely tapered concrete columns rising to spreading circular capitals which contained lighting tubes of Pyrex glass.Frank Lloyd Wright continued to work until four days before his death at the age of 91. One of his most important and certainly controversial commissions was the Solomon R.Guggenheim Museum in New York. This had been proposed in 1943 but was not finally built until 1956–9; in this striking design the museum's exhibition areas are ranged along a gradually mounting spiral ramp lit effectively from above. Controversy stemmed from the unusual and original design of exterior banding and interior descending spiral for wall-display of paintings: some critics strongly approved, while others, equally strongly, did not.[br]Principal Honours and DistinctionsRIBA Royal Gold Medal 1941.Bibliography1945, An Autobiography, Faber \& Faber.Further ReadingE.Kaufmann (ed.), 1957, Frank Lloyd Wright: an American Architect, New York: Horizon Press.H.Russell Hitchcock, 1973, In the Nature of Materials, New York: Da Capo.T.A.Heinz, 1982, Frank Lloyd Wright, New York: St Martin's.DY -
11 Forocorneliensis
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
12 Forojulienses
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
13 Forum
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
14 forum
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
15 Forum Alieni
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
16 Forum Appii
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
17 Forum Aurelium
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
18 forum boarium
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
19 forum coquinum
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36. -
20 forum cuppedinis
fŏrum, i, (archaic form fŏrus, i, m., to accord with locus, Lucil. ap. Charis. p. 55 P., and ap. Non. 206, 15; Pompon. ib.), n. [etym. dub.; perh. root Sanscr. dhar-, support; dhar-as, mountain, etc.; Lat. forma, fortis, frenum, etc.; lit., a place or space with set bounds, Corss. Ausspr. 1, 149], what is out of doors, an outside space or place; in partic., as opp. the house, a public place, a market-place, market (cf.: macellum, emporium, velabrum): forum sex modis intelligitur. Primo, negotiationis locus, ut forum Flaminium, forum Julium, ab eorum nominibus, qui ea fora constituenda curarunt, quod etiam locis privatis et in viis et in agris fieri solet. Alio, in quo judicia fieri, cum populo agi, contiones haberi solent. Tertio, cum is, qui provinciae praeest, forum agere dicitur, cum civitates vocat et de controversiis eorum cognoscit. Quarto, cum id forum antiqui appellabant, quod nunc vestibulum sepulcri dicari solet. Quinto, locus in navi, sed tum masculini generis est et plurale (v. forus). Sexto, fori significant et Circensia spectacula, ex quibus etiam minores forulos dicimus. Inde et forare, foras dare, et fores, foras et foriculae, id est ostiola dicuntur, [p. 774] Paul. ex Fest. p. 84 Müll.I.In gen., an open space.A.The area before a tomb, fore-court:B.quod (lex XII. Tabularum de sepulcris) FORUM, id est, vestibulum sepulcri, BUSTUMVE USUCAPI vetat, tuetur jus sepulcrorum,
Cic. Leg. 2, 24, 61.—The part of the wine-press in which the grapes were laid, Varr. R. R. 1, 54, 2; Col. 11, 2, 71; 12, 18, 3.—C.Plur.: fora = fori, the gangways of a ship, Gell. ap. Charis. 55 P.—II.In partic., a public place, market-place.A.A market, as a place for buying and selling:(α).quae vendere vellent quo conferrent, forum appellarunt. Ubi quid generatim (i. e. secundum singula genera), additum ab eo cognomen, ut forum boarium, forum olitorium, cupedinis, etc.... Haec omnia posteaquam contracta in unum locum quae ad victum pertinebant et aedificatus locus: appellatum macellum, etc.,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 145 sq. Müll.— Esp.forum boarium, the cattlemarket, between the Circus Maximus and the Tiber, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Paul. ex Fest. p. 30, 5; Liv. 21, 62, 2; Plin. 34, 2, 5, § 10; Tac. A. 12, 24; cf. Ov. F. 6, 477. A part of this was probably the forum suarium, Dig. 1, 12, 1, § 11.—(β).forum olitorium, the vegetable-market, south of the theatre of Marcellus, between the Tiber and the Capitoline hill;(γ).here stood the columna lactaria, at which infants were exposed,
Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Liv. 21, 63, 3; Tac. A. 2, 49; Paul. ex Fest. p. 118, 6. Here was probably the forum coquinum also, in which professional cooks offered their services in preparing special entertainments, Plaut. Ps. 3, 2, 1.—forum piscarium (or piscatorium), the fish-market, between the basilica Porcia and the Temple of Vesta, Varr. L. L. 5, § 146 Müll.; Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 13; Liv. 26, 27, 3; 40, 51, 5; Col. 8, 17, 15.—(δ).forum cuppedinis, the market for dainties, between the via sacra and the macellum, Varr. L. L. 5, § 186 Müll. Cf. the similar market in another town, App. M. 1, p. 113, 30 (dub. Hildebr. cupidinis).—Of places where markets were held, a market-town, market-place:B.L. Clodius, pharmacopola circumforaneus, qui properaret, cui fora multa restarent, simul atque introductus est, rem confecit,
Cic. Clu. 14, 40:oppidum Numidarum, nomine Vaga, forum rerum venalium totius regni maxime celebratum,
Sall. J. 47, 1.—Prov.: Scisti uti foro, you knew how to make your market, i. e. how to act for your advantage, Ter. Phorm. 1, 2, 29; v. Don. ad loc.—The market-place, forum, in each city, as the principal place of meeting, where public affairs were discussed, courts of justice held, money transactions carried on:C.statua ejus (Anicii) Praeneste in foro statuta,
Liv. 23, 19, 18; hence also, transf., to denote affairs of state, administration of justice, or banking business. In Rome esp. the forum Romanum, Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 66; Tac. A. 12, 24; called also forum magnum, vetus, or, oftener, absol., forum, Liv. 1, 12, 8; 9, 40, 16; Cic. Att. 4, 16, 14 et saep.; a low, open artificial level, about six hundred and thirty Parisian feet long, and rather more than a hundred wide, between the Capitoline and Palatine hills, surrounded by porticos (basilicae) and the shops of money-changers (argentariae), in later times surrounded with fine buildings, and adorned with numberless statues (cf. on it Becker's Antiq. 1, p. 281 sq., and Dict. of Antiq. p. 451):in foro infumo boni homines atque dites ambulant,
Plaut. Curc. 4, 1, 14:in foro turbaque,
Cic. Rep. 1, 17:arripere verba de foro,
to pick them up in the street, id. Fin. 3, 2, 4:in vulgus et in foro dicere,
id. Rep. 3, 30 (Fragm. ap. Non. 262, 24):cum Decimus quidam Verginius virginem filiam in foro sua manu interemisset,
id. Rep. 2, 37:in forum descendere,
id. ib. 6, 2 (Fragm. ap. Non. 501, 28):foro nimium distare Carinas,
Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 48:fallacem Circum vespertinumque pererro Saepe forum,
id. S. 1, 6, 114:forumque litibus orbum,
id. C. 4, 2, 44:Hostes in foro ac locis patentioribus cuneatim constiterunt,
Caes. B. G. 7, 28, 1:gladiatores ad forum producti,
id. B. C. 1, 14, 4:ut primum forum attigerim,
i. e. engaged in public affairs, Cic. Fam. 5, 8, 3:studia fori,
Tac. Agr. 39: forum putealque Libonis Mandabo siccis, adimam cantare severis, i. e. the grave affairs of state, Hor. Ep. 1, 19, 8.—Of administering justice in the forum: NI PAGVNT, IN COMITIO AVT IN FORO ANTE MERIDIEM CAVSAM CONICITO, Fragm. XII. Tab. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 13, 20:ut pacem cum bello, leges cum vi, forum et juris dictionem cum ferro et armis conferatis,
Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 54 fin.:quod (tempus) in judiciis ac foro datur,
Quint. 10, 7, 20:nec ferrea jura Insanumque forum aut populi tabularia vidit,
Verg. G. 2, 502:forum agere,
to hold a court, hold an assize, Cic. Att. 5, 16, 4; cf. id. Fam. 3, 6, 4:lenta fori pugnamus harena,
Juv. 16, 47; cf. vv. sqq.— Poet. transf.:indicitque forum et patribus dat jura vocatis,
Verg. A. 5, 758:civitates, quae in id forum convenerant,
to that court - district, Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 15, § 38:extra suum forum vadimonium promittere,
beyond his district, id. ib. 2, 3, 15, §38.—Prov.: egomet video rem vorti in meo foro,
is pending in my own court, affects me nearly, Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 10:in alieno foro litigare,
i. e. not to know what to do, which way to turn, Mart. 12 praef. —Of the transaction of business in the forum:haec fides atque haec ratio pecuniarum, quae Romae, quae in foro versatur,
Cic. de Imp. Pomp. 7, 19:quousque negotiabere? annos jam triginta in foro versaris,
id. Fl. 29, 70:sublata erat de foro fides,
id. Agr. 2, 3 fin.:nisi, etc.... nos hunc Postumum jam pridem in foro non haberemus,
i. e. he would have been a bankrupt long ago, id. Rab. Post. 15, 41: cedere foro, to quit the market, i. e. to become bankrupt, Sen. Ben. 4, 39; Dig. 16, 3, 7, § 2; Juv. 11, 50; cf. Plaut. Ep. 1, 2, 16. Justice was administered in Rome not only in the forum Romanum, but also, in the times of the emperors, in the forum (Julii) Caesaris (erected by Julius Caesar, Suet. Caes. 26; Plin. 36, 15, 24, § 103; 16, 44, 86, § 236) and in the forum Augusti (erected by the Emperor Augustus, Suet. Aug. 29, and adorned with a fine ivory statue of Apollo, Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 183; Ov. F. 5, 552; id. Tr. 3, 1, 27);called simply forum,
Juv. 1, 128 (where Apollo is called juris peritus, in allusion to the judicial proceedings held here); hence, circumscriptiones, furta, fraudes, quibus trina non sufficiunt fora, Sen. de Ira, 2, 9, 1; so,quae (verba) trino juvenis foro tonabas,
Stat. S. 4, 9, 15; and:erit in triplici par mihi nemo foro,
Mart. 3, 38, 4:vacuo clausoque sonant fora sola theatro,
Juv. 6, 68.—Nom. propr. Fŏrum, a name of many market and assize towns, nine of which, in Etruria, are named, Plin. 3, 15, 20, § 116. The most celebrated are,1. 2.Forum Appii, a market-town in Latium, on the Via Appia, near Tres Tavernae, now Foro Appio, Cic. Att. 2, 10; Plin. 3, 5, 9, § 64; Hor. S. 1, 5, 3; Inscr. Orell. 780 al.—3. 4.Forum Cornēlium, a town in Gallia Cispadana, now Imola, Cic. Fam. 12, 5, 2.—Hence, Forocorneliensis, e, adj.:5.ager,
Plin. 3, 16, 20, § 120.—Forum Gallōrum, a town in Gallia Cispadana, between Mutina and Bononia, now Castel Franco, Cic. Fam. 10, 30, 2.—6.Forum Jūlii, a town in Gallia Narbonensis, a colony of the eighth legion, now Frejus, Mel. 2, 5, 3; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 35; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 15, 3; 10, 17, 1; Tac. H. 3, 43.—Deriv.: Forojuliensis, e, adj., of or belonging to Forum Julii, Forojulian:7.colonia,
i. e. Forum Julii, Tac. H. 2, 14; 3, 43.—In plur.: Forojulienses, inhabitants of Forum Julii, Forojulians, Tac. Agr. 4.—Forum Vŏcōnii, 24 miles from Forum Julii, in the Pyrenees, now, acc. to some, Le Canet; acc. to others, Luc, Cic. Fam. 10, 17, 1; 10, 34, 1; Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 36.
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